共同进化促进了塔斯马尼亚恶魔和致命的,可传播的癌症的共存
Dale T Clement1, Dylan G Gallinson2, Rodrigo K Hamede3,4
1Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
|October 9, 2024
概括
生态进化模型预测,塔斯马尼亚魔鬼尽管患有魔鬼面部瘤病 (DFTD),但仍然存在. 同进化增强了恶魔的恢复和与传染性癌症的共存,这表明长期的生存.
科学领域:
- 生态学和进化生物学.
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 新出现的传染病对野生动物群体构成重大威胁.
- 塔斯马尼亚魔鬼 (Sarcophilus harrisii) 面临严重的人口下降,原因是魔鬼面部瘤病 (DFTD),一种传染性癌症.
- 整合生态和进化动态对于预测宿主-病原体相互作用至关重要,但数据整合在野生种群中仍然有限.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个基于个体的,生态进化模型的塔斯马尼亚魔鬼-DFTD共同进化.
- 预测共进化对恶魔种群持续性和与DFTD共存的长期影响.
- 评估全基因组数据和长期人口/流行病学数据对模型预测的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个基于个体的生态进化模型,结合了魔鬼人口统计学,DFTD流行病学和全基因组关联研究.
- 用近二十年的实证数据从塔斯马尼亚魔鬼种群参数化模型.
- 模拟了50个恶魔世代 (100年) 的恶魔-DFTD相互作用,以评估共同进化的结果.
主要成果:
- 高概率的塔斯马尼亚魔鬼持续超过100年.
- 与生态模型相比,魔鬼-DFTD共存的可能性增加,与单独的生态模型相比,人口有显著的恢复.
- 同进化动态在调解恶魔对抗DFTD的长期持久性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
结论:
- 生态进化建模为预测面临新兴传染病的野生动物群体命运提供了更强大的框架.
- 塔斯马尼亚魔鬼表现出对DFTD的弹性,这是由共同进化过程驱动的.
- 该研究强调了将遗传和生态数据整合为有效的防治传染性癌症的保护策略的重要性.
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