费图因-B与胰岛素受体-β相互作用,并促进视网膜细胞中的胰岛素抵抗
Wenyi Zhang1, Xin Wang1, Shuwei Tian1
1Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
|October 9, 2024
概括
在糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 中,Fetuin-B (FETUB) 与胰岛素相关. FETUB与胰岛素受体-β相互作用,可能通过PI3K/Akt通路在视网膜细胞中恶化胰岛素抵抗.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 是糖尿病的一个微血管并发症.
- 胰岛素信号传递在视网膜细胞功能和生存中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解DR病变发生过程中的新型分子参与者,如Fetuin-B (FETUB),至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查胰岛素和FETUB之间的相关性在DR.
- 阐明FETUB对视网膜细胞中胰岛素信号通路的影响.
- 探索FETUB在DR患者胰岛素耐药性背景下的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用ELISA对FETUB和胰岛素水平进行血清和水性液体分析.
- 在胰岛素刺激下,定量PCR,西式斑点和ELISA用于评估视网膜细胞 (ARPE-19,BV2,Müller) 中的FETUB表达.
- 共同免疫沉以确定FETUB与胰岛素受体-β (IRβ) 的相互作用.
- 在胰岛素抵抗细胞中使用复合FETUB蛋白或FETUB短发针RNA (shRNA) 的功能测试,用PI3K/Akt通路抑制使用LY294002.
主要成果:
- 在DR患者的水性液体中,FETUB和胰岛素水平之间的正相关性.
- 在胰岛素刺激下,Müller和BV2细胞中的FETUB表达增加,FETUB和IRβ之间的相互作用.
- 在高葡萄糖条件下增强了IRβ-FETUB相互作用.
- 重组FETUB抑制了胰岛素信号,但FETUBshRNA增强了信号.
- FETUB shRNA没有逆转LY294002诱导的葡萄糖载体-4.0的抑制.
结论:
- 视网膜细胞是胰岛素调节的FETUB的来源.
- FETUB与IRβ相互作用,并调节视网膜细胞中的胰岛素信号通路.
- 通过PI3K/Akt通路,FETUB可能会加剧视网膜细胞中的胰岛素抵抗.
相关概念视频
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.2K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.2K
Insulin Secretory Vesicles
4.8K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
4.8K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.1K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.1K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.5K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.2K


