阳性SARS-CoV-2测试后英格兰死亡风险:一项回顾性全国队列研究 (2020年3月至2022年9月)
Clarissa Bauer-Staeb1, Richard James Holleyman2,3, Sharmani Barnard4
1Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, London, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|October 9, 2024
概括
在英格兰,COVID-19感染显著增加了死亡风险,特别是在未接种疫苗的人群中. 接种疫苗,特别是三剂疫苗,在整个流行病浪潮中大大降低了这种风险.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病的动态传染病的动态.
背景情况:
- 评估SARS-CoV-2感染对死亡风险的影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 了解人口和临床因素对死亡风险的变化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在英格兰不同COVID-19流行浪潮期间,在SARS-CoV-2检测结果呈阳性后估计死亡的相对风险.
- 分析年龄,性别,疫苗接种情况,先前存在的疾病和生活方式因素如何影响这种死亡风险.
主要方法:
- 使用英格兰国家卫生服务 (NHS) 相关数据的回顾性队列研究 (2020年3月 - 2022年9月).
- 包括初级保健,医院,SARS-CoV-2测试,疫苗接种和死亡登记数据.
- 对SARS-CoV-2感染的时间依赖共变量使用Cox比例危险模型的应用.
主要成果:
- 未接种疫苗的个体面临着SARS-CoV-2感染后死亡风险比率显著升高,在第一波中从11-89之间,在第三波中从14-50之间.
- 在第三波中,三个疫苗剂量将危险比率降低到1.4-7.
- 死亡风险因年龄和性别而异.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了在英格兰的前三次大流行浪潮期间,与SARS-CoV-2感染相关的死亡风险增加的可靠估计.
- 结果强调了接种疫苗对COVID-19相关死亡率的保护作用.
- 这些发现是了解COVID-19对死亡率和流离失所的影响的一个基本步骤.
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