生物炭在堆肥过程中捕获氨和酸盐以易于提取和强烈保留的形式,而不会刺激温室气体排放
Franziska Busch1,2, Otávio Dos Anjos Leal1, Nina Siebers1
1Institute of Bio- and Geosciences-Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.
Journal of environmental quality
|October 9, 2024
概括
生物炭在有机废物堆肥过程中捕获矿物 (Nmin),减少酸盐的损失. 虽然没有降低温室气体排放,但生物炭有效地回收了而不增加排放.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 通过气体排放和泄漏的气损失是有机废物堆肥过程中面临的重大挑战.
- 在堆肥中应用生物炭被假设通过捕获矿物 (Nmin:NH4+和NO3-) 来减轻气损失.
- 在堆肥过程中,生物炭捕获Nmin与温室气体 (GHG) 动态,特别是N2O之间的直接联系需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查生物炭捕获的矿物与堆肥过程中温室气体 (GHG) 排放之间的联系.
- 在整个堆肥过程中量化堆肥和生物炭颗粒中的Nmin含量.
- 分析生物炭表面转化及其对气保留的影响.
主要方法:
- 厨房废料,马和小麦的堆肥148天,有或没有生物炭 (15%的堆肥干重).
- 在堆肥和生物炭中监测温室气体排放量 (CO2,CH4,N2O) 和Nmin含量 (NH4+,NO3-).
- 序列提取用于Nmin分析和SEM-EDX和13C-NMR光谱用于生物炭表面表征.
主要成果:
- 生物炭没有显著改变散装堆肥中的总体温室气体排放量或Nmin含量.
- 生物炭处理显示,堆肥堆中的最终酸盐 (NO3-) 含量增加了54%,这表明酸盐损失减少.
- 生物炭保留了氨 (NH4+) 和 (NO3-),生物炭中的酸盐含量在整个堆肥过程中增加.
结论:
- 生物炭有效地从有机废物堆肥中回收矿物,而不会刺激温室气体排放.
- 虽然生物炭的Nmin保留并没有像假设的那样减少N2O排放,但它显著降低了堆肥堆中的酸盐损失.
- 生物炭显示出作为堆肥中管理工具的潜力,改善营养物质回收和减少对环境的影响.
更多相关视频
09:39Physical, Chemical and Biological Characterization of Six Biochars Produced for the Remediation of Contaminated Sites
Published on: November 28, 2014
35.1K
10:29Calibrated Passive Sampling - Multi-plot Field Measurements of NH3 Emissions with a Combination of Dynamic Tube Method and Passive Samplers
Published on: March 21, 2016
12.3K
相关概念视频
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
7.8K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
7.8K
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
2
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
2
The Nitrogen Cycle
51.7K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
51.7K
Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
3
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
3
Bioremediation
18.2K
Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
18.2K
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
5
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
5
