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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Two Different Real-Time Place Preference Paradigms Using Optogenetics within the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse
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在小鼠中,光遗传性血清激素操纵对持续的运动行为和等待未来奖励的差异效应

Masakazu Taira1,2, Kayoko W Miyazaki1, Katsuhiko Miyazaki1

  • 1Neural Computation Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan.

Frontiers in neuroscience
|October 10, 2024
PubMed
概括

背脊拉菲核 (DRN) 中的色胺神经元促进对未来奖励的耐心. 光遗传激活延长了等待时间,但对持续的杆按压行为产生了细微的影响.

关键词:
决策是做出决策的过程.背面的拉菲核核.杆-按压方式鼠标 鼠标 鼠标 鼠标奖励 奖励 奖励 奖励 奖励血清胺 (serotonin) 是一种神经元.在等待等待等待等待等待.

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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...