解释波动的合体电流的功率光谱密度
Stuart F Knowles1, Eleanor K R Mackay2, Alice L Thorneywork1,2
1Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
The Journal of chemical physics
|October 10, 2024
概括
我们开发了一个体模型微流体系统来研究粒子运输波动. 该系统允许直接观察和控制,揭示运输噪声和纳米孔类系统中潜在的物理机制之间的联系.
科学领域:
- 物理,软物质 物理,软物质
- 物理化学 物理化学
- 纳米技术纳米技术
背景情况:
- 通过纳米孔进行分子运输涉及复杂的随机过程,导致电流波动.
- 了解这些噪声机制至关重要,但由于分子系统的复杂性和难以接近,在实验上具有挑战性.
- 现有的模型往往简化了粒子动力学和运输噪声之间的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 构建可控制的合体模型系统,用于研究粒子传输波动.
- 实验性地研究在封闭系统中的电流噪声的起源.
- 为了建立粒子动力学,系统几何和噪声特征之间的定量联系.
主要方法:
- 使用硬球体作为模型粒子的微流体系统的开发.
- 实验测量粒子电流及其波动.
- 分析功率光谱密度 (PSD) 和粒子速度分布.
- 与射击噪声和有限的传输时间的理论模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 粒子电流由于随机到达时间和可变粒子速度而呈现波动.
- 在PSD中观察到特征缩放,并通过有限传输时间射击噪声模型进行合理化.
- 发现粒子速度分布反映了限制几何和流体流量配置.
- 速度分布的细节被证明可以控制PSD,将噪声与底层机制联系起来.
结论:
- 体模型系统为研究运输波动提供了一个可操作的平台.
- 这项工作建立了PSD特征与粒子传输中的潜在物理机制之间的具体联系.
- 这些发现为系统理解驱动系统中的噪声铺平了道路,包括生物和合成纳米孔.
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