印尼青少年的心理健康问题:采用经过验证的尺度和创新的采样方法进行的横截面研究的结果
Minh D Pham1, Nisaa R Wulan2, Susan M Sawyer3
1Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
概括
印尼青少年中精神健康问题很常见,影响了学校和学校以外的年轻人. 患病率因性别,地点和学校状况而有很大差异,这凸显了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 心理健康监测 心理健康监测
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,青少年心理健康问题日益关注,印度尼西亚等低收入和中等收入国家的数据有限.
- 了解患病率和相关因素对于制定有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计印尼青少年中精神健康问题的流行程度.
- 确定影响青少年心理健康的潜在风险和保护因素.
- 在城市和农村环境中,比较学校和学校以外的青少年之间的心理健康结果.
主要方法:
- 在16-18岁的青少年中,采用了一种混合采样策略,结合了多阶段的集群采样 (学校内) 和受访者驱动的采样 (学校外).
- 经过验证的尺度 (Kessler-10,CES-D-R) 测量了心理困扰和抑郁,并进行了精神病学面试以验证亚样本.
- 数据从印度尼西亚雅加达 (城市) 和南苏拉威西 (偏远) 收集.
主要成果:
- 心理困扰 (24.3%在学校, 23.7%在学校之外) 和抑郁症 (12.6%在学校, 23.5%在学校之外) 的高患病率被观察到.
- 性别和入学率显著影响了患病率:在学校的男性报告的痛苦/抑郁程度低于女性,而在校外的男性报告的患病率更高.
- 青少年不寻求医疗保健尽管感知需要显示了更高的痛苦和抑郁率.
结论:
- 青少年心理健康问题在印度尼西亚非常普遍,基于性别,地理位置和学校入学率存在显著差异.
- 该研究的创新采样和测量方法可以在类似的环境中为心理健康监测提供信息.
- 调查结果强调需要具体的干预措施来解决青少年心理健康差异.
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