埃塞俄比亚12至35个月龄段儿童的适龄接种疫苗和相关因素:多层次分析
Bekelu Teka Worku1, Eshetu Alemayehu Wordofa2, Gadisa Senbeto3
1Department of Population and Family Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
PloS one
|October 10, 2024
概括
埃塞俄比亚的适龄接种疫苗覆盖率极低,为21.17%. 诸如母亲年龄和教育等因素显著影响疫苗接种状况,突出了针对性公共卫生干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 适合年龄的疫苗接种对于全球儿童的生存至关重要.
- 埃塞俄比亚在实现最佳疫苗接种覆盖率方面面临着挑战.
- 这项研究解决了了解埃塞俄比亚疫苗接种流行率和决定因素的差距.
研究的目的:
- 确定埃塞俄比亚12-35个月龄的儿童中适龄接种疫苗的流行率.
- 在埃塞俄比亚背景下,确定与适龄接种疫苗相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自2019年埃塞俄比亚小型人口和健康调查的1077名儿童 (12-35个月) 的数据.
- 采用多层逻辑回归分析,使用STATA v14.0.0.
- 确定了p值<0.05的显著预测因素,具有95%的置信区间和调整的几率比率 (AOR).
主要成果:
- 根据年龄相适应的疫苗接种的综合流行率为21.17% (95%CI:18.73-23.61).
- 母亲年龄 (≥25岁),母亲的教育 (小学/中学) 和农村居住是重要的预测因素.
- 具体来说,25-40岁以上的母亲的接种疫苗的几率增加,而农村居住的几率较低.
结论:
- 埃塞俄比亚的年龄相应的疫苗接种覆盖率远低于预期的公共卫生目标.
- 母亲的特征和居住地是影响疫苗接种状况的关键因素.
- 利益相关者必须优先考虑及时的儿童疫苗接种,以改善整体覆盖率和儿童健康结果.
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