新政的青年就业计划对一生的影响
Anna Aizer1, Nancy Early2, Shari Eli3
1Brown University, United States.
概括
在民用保护部队 (CCC) 服役时间较长,改善了参与者的长期健康,寿命和收入. 短期就业计划的评估往往低估了这些重要的终身利益.
科学领域:
- 社会经济影响社会经济影响
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
背景情况:
- 民用保护队 (CCC) 是美国最大的青年就业和培训计划 (1933-1942).
- 了解这些计划的长期影响对于当前的政策至关重要.
- 以前的评估往往侧重于短期结果.
研究的目的:
- 分析民用保护队 (CCC) 计划的终身影响.
- 评估CCC服务时间对各种生活结果的影响.
- 将长期收益与短期劳动力市场结果进行比较.
主要方法:
- 数字化CCC招生记录与人口普查,第二次世界大战征兵,社会保障和死亡记录有关.
- 使用统计分析来确定服务长度和结果之间的相关性.
- 新的控制功能方法,使用来自Job Corps随机试验的数据,解决了选择偏差.
主要成果:
- 扩展CCC服务与改善身高,健康状况和寿命相关.
- 参与时间更长也导致了地理流动性和终身收入的增加.
- 就业和工资等短期结果没有显著改善.
结论:
- 对就业计划的短期评估可能会低估其真正的终身影响.
- 健康和长寿的好处往往被忽视,但随着年龄的增长变得更加重要.
- 中央青年合作委员会证明了青年就业和培训倡议的长期价值.
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