设计,合成和生物评估烯胺衍生物作为潜在的多目标抗抑郁药物
Quxiang Li1, Qiang Guo2, Lili Ren1
1School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, 30th South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry
|October 11, 2024
概括
一种新型化合物, (R) -13j,通过有效抑制血清素和上腺素载体并作用于特定的血清素受体,显示出作为多向抗抑郁药的前景. 它在动物模型中表现出与杜洛丁相比更高的疗效和安全性.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 神经药理学神经药理学
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
背景情况:
- 抑郁症是一种复杂的情绪障碍,治疗选择有限.
- 现有的抗抑郁药具有不同的疗效和副作用.
- 多向药物为改善治疗结果提供了潜在的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 设计,合成和评估新型烯胺衍生物作为多目标抗抑郁药.
- 为了确定一种具有强大的抗抑郁作用和有利的安全概况的化合物.
- 为了研究化合物的作用机制和药理动力学特性.
主要方法:
- 新型烯胺衍生物的合成.
- 在体外评估对胺和上腺素载体 (SERT/NET) 的抑制效能以及对5-HT受体的亲和力.
- 分子对接研究,以预测结合模式.
- 在小鼠模型 (尾部悬浮试验,强迫游泳试验) 和治疗耐药抑郁症 (ACTH诱导) 的小鼠模型中对抗抑郁剂活性的体内评估.
- 评估小鼠的运动运动活性,急性毒性和药物动力学特征.
主要成果:
- 化合物 (R) -13j表现出SERT/NET的强烈抑制和对5-HT2A/2C受体的高亲和力,对组胺H1,上腺素α1和hERG通道的亲和力较低.
- 分子对接支持 (R)-13j与SERT和5-HT2A/2C受体的结合模型.
- 在行为模型中, (R) - 13j 剂量依赖性降低了不运动性,在有效性方面表现优于杜洛西丁,并且没有显示刺激作用.
- 该化合物在ACTH诱导的治疗耐药抑郁症大鼠模型中显示出显著的疗效.
- (R)-13j的急性毒性值高于杜洛西丁,并且具有良好的药理动力学特征.
结论:
- 化合物 (R) -13j 是一种新型的烯胺衍生物,具有作为多位抗抑郁药的显著潜力.
- 其独特的药理特征,包括强大的SERT/NET抑制和5-HT受体活性,有助于其疗效.
- 良好的安全性和药理动力学特性表明 (R) -13j可能是进一步开发抑郁症治疗的有希望的候选者.
相关概念视频
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents
197
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
197
Antidepressant Drugs: Overview
372
Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
372
Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship
2.6K
Adrenergic agonists' structure-activity relationship (SAR) determines their selectivity and efficacy. These agonists comprise a phenylethylamine moiety with an aromatic ring and an ethylamine side chain.
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of...
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of...
2.6K
Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design
668
Drug design is a dynamic field that involves discovering and developing new medications based on specific biological targets. This process heavily relies on structure-activity relationships (SAR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to guide the design and optimization of efficient drugs.
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
668
Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs
322
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
322
Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents
159
Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
159


