使用3D信息评估单个树木的声音衰减.
Jian Lu1, Fanhua Kong1, Haiwei Yin2
1School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave.163, 210023, Nanjing, China.
Journal of environmental management
|October 11, 2024
概括
单一的树木可以减少2-3dBA的城市噪音污染,特别是在更高的频率. 树冠特征,如叶面积指数,显著影响噪音减弱,有助于城市音景规划.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学 城市生态学
- 声学 声学 在声学上
- 环境科学环境科学
背景情况:
- 城市噪音污染是影响公众健康的日益严重的问题.
- 虽然城市树带是众所周知的噪声缓冲器,但单个树木的声学影响还未得到充分研究.
- 了解单一树的噪音减缓对于优化城市声音景观至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种方法来评估和预测单个树的声音减弱.
- 确定影响噪声传播的关键3D树形态特征.
- 建立单树声音减弱的预测模型.
主要方法:
- 陆地LiDAR被用来提取26棵树的3D结构特征.
- 使用受控的声音源和接收器设置量化声衰减.
- 开发了一个带有线性内核的支向量回归 (SVR) 模型,以根据树形态来预测声音衰减.
主要成果:
- 单个树提供了2-3dBA的插入损失,在500Hz以上的频率上有更大的衰减.
- 增加冠叶面积指数和平均叶片倾斜率显著降低了声音水平.
- 该SVR-LN模型展示了强大的预测性能 (R2 = 0.74) 用树特征的声音减弱.
结论:
- 单独的树木具有显著的声衰减能力,受树冠结构的影响.
- 开发的方法和SVR模型为评估树木声学性能提供了可靠的框架.
- 结果支持战略树木选择和种植,以改善城市噪音减缓和更健康的生活环境.
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