执行功能对与年龄相关的情绪识别下降的影响因性别而异
1Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|October 12, 2024
概括
衰老显著损害了情绪识别 (ER),认知灵活性和抑制等执行功能在这种下降中发挥了关键的性别特异性作用. 需要针对老年人进行量身定制的干预.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 情感识别 (ER) 对社会功能和福祉至关重要.
- 众所周知,ER能力受到老龄化和性别差异的影响.
- "额头衰老假说"表明,执行功能特别容易受到衰老的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究老龄化如何影响男性和女性的ER.
- 检查执行职能在与年龄相关的ER衰退中的调解作用.
- 确定衰老,执行功能和ER之间的关系中的性别特异性差异.
主要方法:
- 127名健康的成年人参与了这项研究.
- 用多模式情绪识别测试移动应用程序评估了面部ER和交叉模式匹配.
- 综合的神经心理测试评估了执行功能,包括认知灵活性,抑制,工作记忆和选择性注意力.
主要成果:
- 年长的成年人显示ER性能显著下降.
- 在不同年龄组之间没有观察到ER的整体性别差异.
- 男人:认知灵活性和抑制部分介导了衰老-ER关系.
- 女人:工作记忆和选择性注意力缓解了老化-面部ER链接;抑制也部分调解了这一链接.
- 抑制抑制了衰老和女性跨模式匹配之间的关系.
结论:
- 执行职能对与年龄相关的ER下降有性别差异化的影响.
- 对男性来说,认知灵活性和抑制是关键,而对女性来说,工作记忆,选择性注意力和抑制是重要的.
- 调查结果强调需要针对性别的策略来增强人口老龄化中的ER.
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