用流感基因,核蛋白或两者一起进行气溶免疫,可以预防猪肺部疾病
Eleni Vatzia1, Basudev Paudyal1, Barbara Dema2
1The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK.
NPJ vaccines
|October 13, 2024
概括
开发一种广泛保护性流感疫苗 (BPIV) 是至关重要的. 这项研究表明,M1蛋白通过气溶减少肺病理在猪中进行免疫,这表明T细胞介导的保护对各种流感菌株.
科学领域:
- 兽医免疫学 兽医免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染病研究传染病研究.
背景情况:
- 目前的流感疫苗是针对菌株的,需要经常更新.
- 广泛保护性流感疫苗 (BPIV) 是非常理想的,以应对不断演变的流感菌株.
- 向保存的内部流感蛋白来诱导T细胞反应是一个有希望的BPIV策略.
研究的目的:
- 评估表达保存型流感蛋白质 (M1,NP) 的病毒载体疫苗在猪中诱导广泛的保护性免疫力.
- 评估使用M1和NP表达性疫苗对异种流感疫苗的气溶免疫的有效性.
- 研究T细胞响应在预防流感方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 曾经暴露于pH1N1的猪通过气溶以表达矩阵蛋白1 (M1) 和/或核蛋白 (NP) 的病毒载体疫苗 (ChAdOx2,MVA) 免疫.
- 接种疫苗的猪随后受到H3N2流感病毒的挑战.
- 评估了肺部病理,并测量了T细胞和抗体反应.
主要成果:
- 所有的M1,NP或M1+NP免疫接种都减少了H3N2挑战后的肺病理.
- 单独的M1免疫接种提供了对肺病理的最大保护.
- M1免疫诱导了M1特异性T细胞反应,没有可检测的抗体,表明T细胞介导的保护.
- NP或M1+NP免疫诱导了T细胞和抗体反应.
- 使用编码为M1,NP和神经氨基酶的ChAdOx疫苗进行单次气溶免疫也减少了肺病理.
结论:
- 通过气溶传递的矩阵蛋白1 (M1) 是诱导T细胞介导的针对各种流感菌株的保护的有希望的候选者.
- 病毒载体疫苗的气溶输送是诱导猪保护性免疫反应的有效方法.
- 这些发现支持使用保存的内部蛋白质和相关的大型动物模型开发广泛保护性流感疫苗 (BPIV).
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