bensodiazepine 使用与认知能力和与年龄相关的认知衰退的关联
Merete Osler1,2, Maarten Pieter Rozing1,3, Ida Kim Wium-Andersen1
1Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Psychological medicine
|October 14, 2024
概括
年轻人的低认知能力增加了使用二胺的风险. 虽然更高的二胺使用与认知能力下降有关,但该效应缺乏临床意义.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 长期使用二和其与认知衰退的关联仍然不清楚.
- 早期认知能力在这种关系中的作用需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查年轻成年人的认知能力与随后的二二类药物使用之间的联系.
- 探索成年人使用二胺是否与中年后期的认知能力下降有关.
主要方法:
- 利用征兵委员会认知测试数据 (Børge Priens Prøve) 来自335,513名男性 (1949年至1961年出生).
- 包括44年后5183名男性的再检查数据,以评估认知能力下降.
- 链接到丹麦国家处方注册表的二购买数据 (1995-2022年).
- 用Cox的比例危险和线性回归来进行关联分析.
主要成果:
- 较低的年轻成年人认知分数与更高的开始使用二类药物的风险相关 (HR 0.71 [0.68-0.75]).
- 与从未使用过的用户相比,最高累积的奔二胺使用者表现出更大的认知衰退 (β = -1.66 [-2.09 到 -1.23]).
- 目前的二胺使用者表现出更明显的认知衰退 (β = -2.42 [-3.18 到 -1.66]),部分解释了这种关联,尽管影响很小,可能没有临床相关性.
结论:
- 成年早期认知能力下降是开始使用二的危险因素.
- 较高的二二类药物消费与认知能力下降的增加有关,但临床意义有限.
相关概念视频
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines
200
Benzodiazepines have both sedative and hypnotic properties. They include compounds such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax). Structurally, their cores are similar, consisting of the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring, but they share a common mechanism of action in the central nervous system (CNS).
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
200
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone
554
Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...
554
CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines
230
CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
230
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
65
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
65
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
106
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
106
Dementia
97
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
97


