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贝林海和楚克奇海海的春季外出行为:对丰富度估计的影响

Josh M London¹, Paul B Conn¹, Stacie M Koslovsky¹

¹Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Seattle, WA, United States of America.

|October 14, 2024

概括

了解海的捕捞行为对于准确的北极人口估计至关重要. 这项研究表明,海更喜欢在中午出海,温度较高,风力较低,影响了空中调查数量.

科学领域:

北极海洋哺乳动物生态学
野生动物种群监测,野生动物种群监测.
气候变化对生态系统的影响

背景情况:

与冰相关的海在关键生命阶段依赖海冰,包括幼和休息.
由于气候变化,北极海冰正在减少,威胁到海息地.
准确的种群估计对于监测环境压力下的海种群至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用卫星生物记录器数据量化在冰上被拉出的海的比例.
为空中调查方法提供信息,以便更准确地估计与冰相关的海数量.
调查海的季节性和环境驱动因素.

主要方法:

利用卫星连接生物记录器 (2005-2021) 的每小时百分比干燥数据,用于胡须,带和斑点.
采用了通用的线性混合伪模型来分析与环境共变量的拖出概率.
检查的因素包括一年中的日期,太阳时间,年龄/性别类,风速,温度和降水.

主要成果:

鉴定出强烈的天气和季节性模式在拖出行为,在5月至6月的峰值活动.
发现的海更有可能在中午出海,因为风速较低,温度较高.
观察到的物种和年龄/性别特定的变化在出时间和频率;对于带带和斑点海而言,观察到的年度变化.

结论:

准确的空中测量估计需要考虑海捕捞行为的时间和环境影响.
该研究为海种群评估中的"可用性"纠正提供了必要的数据.
研究结果强调需要考虑行为可塑性,以应对环境变化,以有效保护.

关键词:

空中调查可检测性空中调查可检测性阿拉斯加阿拉斯加阿拉斯加阿拉斯加有胡子的海.贝林海是贝林海的一部分.楚克奇海是楚克奇海的一个组成部分.一般化的线性混合伪模型.拖出行为拖出行为.科 (Phocidae) 是一个科.带带封印的封印是一个带带的封印.有斑点的海是有斑点的

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