在被列入暴露登记册的工人中对与石棉有关的疾病的监测
Victoria H Arrandale1,2, Colin Berriault2, Chaojie Song2
1Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
American journal of industrial medicine
|October 14, 2024
概括
施工中接触石棉会导致与石棉相关的疾病 (ARD),包括癌症和肺部疾病. 持续监测至关重要,因为尽管有禁令,但暴露于含有石棉的材料仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 当代的石棉暴露主要发生在含有石棉的材料 (ACM) 的施工,整治和维护期间.
- 安大略省石棉工人登记册 (AWR) 成立于1986年,旨在监测建筑工人接触石棉的情况.
- 这项研究调查了AWR注册人中与石棉有关的疾病 (ARD) 的风险.
研究的目的:
- 确定安大略省暴露于石棉的工人中ARD的发病率.
- 为了将AWR注册人的ARD率与一般人口进行比较.
- 评估石棉暴露时间与ARD风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在1986-2019年期间,AWR登记者 (n=26,204) 与行政卫生数据库进行了概率链接.
- 与一般人群相比,ARD的计算标准化发病率 (SIRs).
- 使用波桑回归来估计ACM暴露时间和ARD之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 在男性和女性中观察到高SIRs,用于中皮瘤和肺纤维化,以及在男性中观察到石棉病.
- 暴露于石棉较长时间 (≥140小时) 的工人患肺癌,间皮瘤,石棉病,慢性肺炎和肺纤维化风险增加.
- 建筑 (62%),制造业 (19%) 和教育 (8%) 是注册人员的主要就业行业.
结论:
- 在施工和维护期间接触石棉继续导致ARD.
- 现有的含有石棉的材料在建筑活动中构成持续的风险,尽管禁止新的石棉产品.
- AWR为安大略省持续监测ARD提供了宝贵的资源.
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