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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light
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光热驱动有机晶体的执行性能和多功能性

Shodai Hasebe1, Yuki Hagiwara1,2, Toru Asahi3,1

  • 1Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
|October 14, 2024
PubMed
概括

新的光机械晶体启动方法使用物理现象来实现更快的速度和更广泛的光吸收. 这些多功能机制有望在工程,执行器和软机器人中得到更广泛的应用.

关键词:
驱动器的执行性能 驱动器的执行性能自然的振动自然的振动.有机晶体执行器 有机晶体执行器这是光机械晶体.光热效应是一种光热效应.

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Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
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Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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