英国两个规划项目的健康影响评估:对规范有效性的反思
Thomas B Fischer1,2, Michael Chang3, Tara Muthoora4
1Environment Assessment and Management Research Centre, University of Liverpool, 74 Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L697ZQ, UK. fischer@liverpool.ac.uk.
BMC public health
|October 14, 2024
概括
由于外部因素,健康影响评估 (HIA) 的有效性随着时间的推移而下降,但建议最终得到实施. 未来的健康评估需要有约束力的后续行动,以持续改善健康和福祉.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 健康影响评估健康影响评估
背景情况:
- 英国公共卫生 (PHE) 委托的研究评估了健康影响评估 (HIA) 的规范性有效性.
- 专注于两个规划项目:克兰布鲁克,德文 (2007年HIA) 和马什农场,卢顿 (2009年HIA).
- 审查了HIA对促进健康和福祉的行动的贡献.
研究的目的:
- 反思健康影响评估 (HIA) 的规范性有效性.
- 在规划项目中评估HIA对健康和福祉的长期影响.
- 为了确定影响HIA有效性的因素随时间推移.
主要方法:
- 从文献综述中使用了规范性HIA有效性标准.
- 在2021年与原始HIA利益相关者进行半结构化采访.
- 在2023年进行网络搜索,以跟踪实际发展和HIA建议实施情况.
主要成果:
- 最初的HIA效率似乎很高,但由于2008年金融危机和项目延误,其效率下降.
- HIAs没有得到一致的跟进,参与者继续工作或退休.
- 关键的HIA建议最终得到了实施,在一个案例中,有证据表明多重贫困指数 (IMD) 排名有所改善.
结论:
- 发表十年后,HIA似乎"被遗忘了",但他们的建议得到了实施,可能是通过"机构记忆".
- 该研究强调了HIA发布与持续后续行动之间的脱节.
- 建议使HIA监测和后续行动具有约束力,而不是建议性,以确保直接联系和持久影响.
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