在HIV病毒抑制患者的认知控制和宣言记忆电路内成像转位蛋白18 kDa
Leah H Rubin1,2,3, Pauline M Maki4, Yong Du5
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
AIDS (London, England)
|October 15, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒感染者在认知控制区域显示较高的大脑转位蛋白18 kDa (TSPO). 这种高TSPO与较差的认知控制有关,这表明HIV病毒抑制个体与认知功能障碍之间存在神经免疫联系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 通常会经历认知功能障碍,即使病毒被抑制.
- 神经免疫反应,特别是涉及转位蛋白18kDa (TSPO),与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 有关.
- 了解区域TSPO表达对于阐明PWH认知缺陷背后的机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究病毒抑制的PWH和未感染HIV的个体之间脑TSPO水平的差异,使用 pozitron发射断层扫描 (PET).
- 在研究领域标准 (RDoC) 框架内,研究区域TSPO绑定和认知功能,特别是认知控制和声明记忆之间的关联.
- 探索TSPO测量的神经炎症与PWH认知表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究比较了25个病毒抑制的PWH与18个未感染HIV的对照.
- 认知表现被评估为认知控制和宣言记忆.
- [11C]DPA-713 PET成像被用于量化相关大脑兴趣区域 (ROI) 的TSPO结合.
- 使用线性混合模型和回归分析来检查群体差异和关联,控制TSPO基因型.
主要成果:
- 在认知控制或宣言性记忆表现方面没有发现任何显著的群体差异.
- 与对照组相比,病毒抑制的PWH在认知控制和宣言记忆ROI中表现出更高的[11C]DPA-713结合 (表明TSPO增加).
- 认知控制区域中TSPO升高与两组认知控制表现较差以及PWH中自我报告的认知水平较差相关.
- 声明性记忆区域的TSPO结合与测量的声明性记忆性能没有相关性.
结论:
- 支持认知控制的大脑区域中TSPO升高表明在病毒抑制的PWH中局部的神经免疫反应.
- 这种神经炎症可能导致这一群体观察到的认知控制缺陷.
- 针对神经炎症可能是PWH认知功能障碍的潜在治疗策略.
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