对商用人工智能算法的诊断性能的评估,用于在超声波上对甲状腺结节的风险分层
Jeffrey Ashton1, Samantha Morrison2, Alaattin Erkanli2
1Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association
|October 15, 2024
概括
甲状腺超声波 (美国) 的AI工具在检测恶性瘤方面表现与放射科医生相似. 将人工智能与放射科医生解释相结合,提高了特异性,减少了不必要的细针吸收 (FNA) 建议.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 在超声波 (美国) 上对甲状腺结节的表征具有挑战性.
- 人工智能 (AI) 算法正在出现,以改善结节分类.
- 风险分层系统有助于结节评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 批准的AI工具的性能,用于检测美国甲状腺结节中的恶性瘤.
- 将AI工具的性能与AI适配器组件的性能与临床放射学报告进行比较.
- 评估放射科医生解读和AI适配器的联合性能.
主要方法:
- 来自杜克大学医院和附属机构的649个连续的甲状腺美国结节的回顾性评估.
- 结节通过手术病理学,细针吸收 (FNA) 或3年随访进行了基底真相诊断.
- 一个FDA批准的AI工具 (Koios DS Thyroid) 分析了结节,生成了ACR TI-RADS描述符和AI适配器分数.
- 四组的比较:使用AI适配器的Koios,没有AI适配器的Koios,临床放射学报告和使用AI适配器的联合放射学报告.
- 使用灵敏度,特异性和接收器运行曲线 (ROC) 分析进行性能分析.
主要成果:
- 在649个结节中,32个是恶性的,617个是良性的.
- 带有AI适配器的科伊鱼在曲线下的面积 (AUC) 与放射科医生 (两者均为0.70) 相似.
- 装有AI适配器的鱼具有比放射学家更高的特异性 (0.63比0.43),但敏感性较低 (0.69比0.81).
- 结合放射学家的解释与AI适配器产生了最高的AUC (0.76).
- 这种组合改善了放射科医生的特异性 (0.53比0.43),敏感性没有变化,FNA建议减少了17%.
结论:
- 科伊斯DS人工智能工具的独立性能与放射科医生可比,具有更高的特异性但更低的灵敏度.
- 将放射科医生的解释与AI适配器组件相结合,显著提高了特异性.
- 人工智能适配器组件导致不必要的细针吸收 (FNA) 建议减少.
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