与结核病发病率和死亡率相关的生态层面因素:系统性审查和元分析
Alemneh Mekuriaw Liyew1,2,3, Archie C A Clements3,4, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu1,2,3
1Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PLOS global public health
|October 15, 2024
概括
空气质量和气候等生态因素显著影响结核病 (TB) 发病率和死亡率. 解决这些环境和社会经济决定因素对于有效的结核病控制战略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球主要的传染性死亡原因.
- 虽然研究了个体风险因素,但影响结核病发病率和死亡率的生态因素不太了解.
- 这项研究解决了有关结核病环境和社会经济决定因素的知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 系统地识别和合成与结核病发病率和死亡率相关的生态因素.
- 通过元分析量化特定环境和社会经济因素对结核病发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science) 进行系统的文献搜索,直到2023年10月.
- 来自52项纳入研究的证据的叙述综合.
- 随机效应元分析以估计已识别的因素对结核病发病率的影响.
主要成果:
- 叙述综合表明结核病发病率与温度,降水,空气污染物 (二氧化),贫困和城市/男性人口等因素之间的积极关联.
- 分析证实结核病发病率增加,相对湿度,降雨量,二氧化硫,细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和人口密度较高.
- 较高的平均风速与降低结核病发病率有关.
结论:
- 气候,社会经济和空气质量因素与结核病发病率和死亡率有很大关系.
- 综合,涉及卫生,环境和社会福利部门的跨部门方法对于结核病控制至关重要.
- 解决生态决定因素对于全面的结核病预防和管理战略至关重要.
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