农村阿片类药物相关的医院急诊室访问的空间模式:机器学习分析
Eric Robinson1, Kathleen Stewart1, Erin Artigiani2
1Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Health & place
|October 15, 2024
概括
片类药物过量急诊次数正在增加,特别是在农村地区. 诸如处方率,种族,住房和心理健康等因素显著推动了阿片类药物滥用和过量使用风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 与阿片类药物过量有关的急诊室访问在全国范围内增加.
- 了解危机的地理和人口分布至关重要,特别是在农村环境中.
- 在与阿片类药物相关的紧急情况中,医疗保健获取和结果的差异很明显.
研究的目的:
- 在马里兰州两个农村地区分析与阿片类药物过量有关的急诊室访问.
- 确定与阿片类药物滥用和过量服用相关的关键社会人口和健康风险因素.
- 为针对阿片类药物危机制定有针对性的缓解策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自6家医院的电子健康记录,这些医院位于马里兰州两个农村地区.
- 紧急诊所访问的人口统计分析,比较访问比例与区域人口数据.
- 使用社会人口统计学和健康风险因素开发和应用随机森林模型,以确定阿片类药物滥用的驱动因素.
主要成果:
- 黑人或非洲裔美国人与两个地区的人口比例相比,与阿片类药物相关的过量服用的急诊室访问比例更高.
- 随机森林模型确定的关键因素包括阿片类药物处方率,种族,住房状况和心理健康不佳.
- 导致与阿片类药物过量有关的急诊室访问的具体因素因种族,性别和地理位置而异.
结论:
- 缓解阿片类药物危机的努力必须考虑到种族和社会经济差异.
- 针对处方实践,住房,心理健康和种族的量身定制干预措施对于面临风险的农村人口是必要的.
- 了解局部风险因素对于有效应对阿片类药物流行病的公共卫生反应至关重要.
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