住宅基础设施的个体感知参数及其与心血管风险因素的关系
Tatiana A Mulerova1, Timur F Gaziev1, Evgeny D Bazdyrev1
1Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Academician Barbarash Boulevard, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia.
住宅基础设施显著影响心血管健康. 可访问的设施,街道设计和行人基础设施与高血压,肥胖和新陈代谢障碍有关,突出了城市规划.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 对住宅基础设施对健康的影响越来越感兴趣.
- 心血管疾病仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题.
- 可修改的危险因素包括高血压,肥胖和代谢障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查感知住宅基础设施和心血管风险因素之间的关联.
- 分析高血压,肥胖和脂质/碳水化合物代谢障碍与环境因素相关.
- 探索社会因素在俄罗斯联邦地区心血管健康中的作用.
主要方法:
- 流行病学研究"研究社会因素对慢性非传染性疾病的影响" (2015-2023).
- 样本:1598名受访者 (35-70岁),包括491名农村居民.
- 邻里环境可行度量表 (NEWS) 用于基础设施评估;用于分析的后勤回归.
主要成果:
- 可访问的基础设施 (B级) 与高血压 (OR=1.33),肥胖 (OR=1.40) 和腹部肥胖 (OR=1.59) 有关.
- 社会基础设施 (C级) 与肥胖 (OR=1.42) 和内脏肥胖 (OR=1.43) 有关.
- 行人基础设施 (D级) 与高血压 (OR=1.65),肥胖 (OR=1.62),腹部肥胖 (OR=1.82),以及代谢障碍 (OR=1.41-1.44) 相关.
结论:
- 感知基础设施是心血管健康的关键决定因素.
- 环境因素通过生活方式和行为模式影响心血管风险.
- 城市规划干预措施促进可行性和可访问性对于预防心血管疾病至关重要.
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