植物性饮食和微量营养素补充剂对人体组成的相关性:来自VeggieNutri横截面研究的数据
Cátia Pinheiro1,2, Flávia Silva3, Inês Rocha3
1Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Nutrients
|October 16, 2024
概括
这项研究比较了葡萄牙的素食和食人成年人,发现乳酸卵素食者 (LOV) 的脂肪质量较高,肌肉质量较低,可能是由于补充铁和炎症. 素食主义者 (VEG) 显示肌肉质量相关性减弱,可能是由于B12补充.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 饮食研究 饮食研究
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响人类学和身体组成.
- 了解素食主义 (乳糖-卵子-素食和素食主义者) 与食肉主义的具体影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
- 营养和生化标志物在调解饮食与身体组成关系方面发挥着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较葡萄牙的素食主义者 (乳酸卵素食者和素食者) 和食人成年人之间的人类学和身体组成.
- 探索潜在的营养和健康参数,包括关键的维生素和矿物质水平,以解释观察到的差异.
- 调查饮食模式与身体组成指标的独立关联.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及425名健康成年人的横截面研究:425人是食肉者 (OMNI),乳卵素食者 (LOV) 和素食者 (VEG).
- 测量包括人体构成的人类测量和生物电阻分析.
- 通过问卷和实验室分析评估了饮食摄入量,社会人口统计因素,生活方式和生化标志物 (血清铁,费里丁,CRP,维生素B12,同素).
主要成果:
- 总蛋白质摄入量随着越来越严格的素食减少. 碳水化合物摄入量在LOV组中最高.
- 素食 (VEG) 参与者是维生素B12补充剂的主要使用者,而LOV参与者经常使用铁补充剂.
- 维生素B12水平与同类半素有负相关,与肌肉质量有正相关. 补充铁与较高的CRP和较低的肌肉质量有关.
- 乳卵素素食 (LOV) 饮食独立地与脂肪质量增加 (+4.8%) 和肌肉质量减少 (-2.2%) 相比,与食肉素食者相比.
结论:
- 饮食模式显著影响身体成分,与食肉类相比,对乳酸卵子素素食和素食饮食观察到明显的影响.
- 维生素B12补充剂可能会减轻素食者的负面饮食-肌肉质量关联,而铁补充剂可能会加剧炎症并减少乳酸卵素食者的肌肉质量.
- 这些发现突出了不同饮食群体中饮食,补充剂,炎症和身体组成之间的复杂相互作用.
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