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相关概念视频

Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis01:18

Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis

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Vesicular transport is a cellular process that encompasses the engulfment of particles or dissolved substances by cells. It involves endocytosis, transcytosis, and exocytosis.
Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that involves the inward folding of the cell membrane to create vesicles that capture and transport large drug molecules. This process comprises two distinct methods: pinocytosis (often referred to as "cell drinking") and phagocytosis (often referred to as "cell...
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Mechanisms of Drug Absorption: Paracellular, Transcellular, and Vesicular Transport01:23

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Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
However, most drugs use the transcellular route, traversing directly through the cell membranes via two mechanisms: passive and active transport. Passive...
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Overview of Exosomes01:36

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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
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Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

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Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport01:24

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport

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Drugs must traverse multiple biological barriers, such as multi-layered skin, single-layered intestinal epithelium, and the plasma membrane, to reach their target sites within the body. The plasma membrane, a highly structured composite of phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, is the cell's protective boundary, facilitating selective substance exchange.
Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads oriented outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.
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Evaluation of the Storage Stability of Extracellular Vesicles
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用细胞外囊泡来处理药物输送的基本指南.

Sergey Brezgin1,2, Oleg Danilik3, Alexandra Yudaeva1

  • 1Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia.

International journal of molecular sciences
|October 16, 2024
PubMed
概括

细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是强大的药物输送工具,但最大限度地提高它们的治疗效果需要克服隔离,货物装载和针对性输送的挑战,以加强再生医学和癌症治疗.

关键词:
纳米治疗药物 纳米治疗药物表面显示器表面显示器有针对性的药物输送.

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科学领域:

  • 生物技术和纳米医学
  • 细胞和分子生物学 细胞和分子生物学
  • 药物输送系统 药物输送系统

背景情况:

  • 细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 是自然的生物分子载体,对细胞间通信和组织恒温至关重要.
  • EVs表现出促再生和免疫调节的特性,导致其在心肌梗塞和自身免疫性疾病的临床试验中进行研究.
  • 它们的固有优势,包括生物可用性和障碍穿越,使电动汽车成为针对药物输送的有前途平台.

研究的目的:

  • 审查改善细胞外囊泡 (EV) 隔离和净化的方法.
  • 讨论在电动汽车内增强货物包装的战略,包括蛋白质,RNA和小分子药物.
  • 探索在EV表面上显示向配体的技术,以改善治疗向.

主要方法:

  • 审查关于EV隔离和净化技术的当前文献.
  • 对将治疗性有效载荷装入电动汽车的方法进行分析.
  • 检查用于EV准的表面修改策略.

主要成果:

  • 目前用于EV隔离和净化的方法可以优化用于治疗应用.
  • 存在各种方法来提高EV中各种治疗剂的封装效率.
  • 带有向连接体的电动汽车的表面工程可以显著改善它们在目标地点的积累.

结论:

  • 克服电动汽车生产和定位方面的挑战对于推进基于电动汽车的治疗方法至关重要.
  • 优化的EV隔离,增强的货物装载和有针对性的交付是开发新型治疗类的关键.
  • 本综述为开发下一代基于电动汽车的疗法和解决现有的技术障碍提供了一份指南.