高功率纳秒电磁脉冲辐射系统的设计,用于验证太空探测器
Tianchi Zhang1, Zongxiang Li1, Changjiao Duan1,2
1State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2024
概括
一个新的高功率电磁脉冲系统为测试太空探测器提供受控的闪电信号. 这使得空间全球雷电定位网络 (SGLLN) 和电离层信号传播研究的可靠验证成为可能.
科学领域:
- 电磁学 电磁学 电磁学 电磁学
- 大气物理学 大气物理学
- 太空科学 太空科学
背景情况:
- 太空全球雷电定位网络 (SGLLN) 需要对其宽带电磁脉冲探测器提供可靠的测试信号.
- 自然闪电的不可预测性阻碍了SGLLN检测灾害天气的能力的验证.
- 控制的辐射源对于校准太空闪电探测器至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 设计和验证用于测试SGLLN探测器的高功率电磁脉冲辐射系统.
- 为了评估一个具有集成脉冲器的新型指数TEM料天线的性能.
- 建立一个经验基础,以理解电磁层对雷电波传播的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发一个20米孔径反射器高功率电磁脉冲辐射系统.
- 一个指数式TEM料天线的设计,具有不对称的保护负载和脉冲集成.
- 远场实验使用400米的E场传感器和500公里高度的太空探测器模拟.
主要成果:
- 在受控条件下,辐射系统成功地产生了纳秒电磁脉冲信号.
- 远场测量显示,峰值电场强度为2.2 kV/m,升高时间为1.9 ns,脉冲宽度为2.5 ns.
- 在500公里的模拟太空探测记录了10mV/m的信号,显示了与电离层传播一致的非线性频率调制.
结论:
- 开发的高功率电磁脉冲辐射系统为验证太空闪电探测器提供了稳定和强大的来源.
- 该研究验证了设计的料天线和测量方法的有效性.
- 这项研究为未来对电离层对闪电信号特征的影响的研究奠定了基础.
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