发酵坚果产品的微生物学安全性和功能性质
Giulia Tabanelli1,2, Chiara Montanari1, Ana M Gómez-Caravaca3,4
1Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2024
概括
这项研究开发了一种纯素奶酪替代品,使用特定的乳酸细菌 (LAB) 联盟进行发酵. 选择的LAB通过抑制病原体和增强风味和功能化合物来提高产品安全.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 发酵技术的发酵技术
背景情况:
- 基于植物的发酵食品正在作为动物产品的替代品获得吸引力.
- 乳酸细菌 (LAB) 对于发酵以坚果为基础的产品至关重要,提高了安全性和保质期.
- 开发具有可取感官和功能属性的纯素产品需要受控发酵.
研究的目的:
- 调查特定的LAB联盟在生产安全,类似奶酪的发酵植物产品方面的有效性.
- 评估LAB对关键的食品传播病原体的抗菌活性.
- 描述LAB发酵对坚果产品香味特征和化合物的影响.
主要方法:
- LAB菌株被分离并组合成用于坚果发酵的初始培养物.
- 挑战测试使用接种了针对Listeria monocytogenes,大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的坚果进行.
- 进行了试点规模的生产,随后对芳香化合物和含量进行了表征.
主要成果:
- 一个由Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 82和Leuc.组成的联盟. carnosum 4010实现了快速酸化 (pH <4.4在18小时内) 和降低了病原体负载.
- 李斯特菌在七天内被清除;大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量显著下降.
- 发酵增强了类似奶酪的芳香化合物 (乙,二乙烯) 和增加了有益的化合物.
结论:
- 使用特定LAB联盟的引导发酵过程可以确保类似奶酪的素食产品的安全性.
- 这种发酵策略改善了芳香成分和功能性质,包括抗菌化合物.
- 这项研究成功地建立了一种方法,用于创建安全,美味和功能性的发酵植物性食品.
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