句子的预测者回顾了DLD和没有DLD的儿童的表现:复杂性问题
Janet L McDonald1, Janna B Oetting2
1Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Journal of child language
|October 16, 2024
概括
患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童比典型发育 (TD) 的儿童更依赖形态能力,语音短期记忆 (pSTM) 和口头工作记忆 (WM) 来回忆句子.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音和语言科学 语言科学
背景情况:
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 影响儿童的语言学习.
- 了解语言困难的认知基础对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经探索了导致语言障碍的各种因素,但它们在句子回忆中的具体作用仍然很复杂.
研究的目的:
- 研究词汇,形态能力,音声短期记忆 (pSTM) 和口头工作记忆 (WM) 对患有DLD和没有DLD儿童的句子回忆的独特贡献.
- 通过不同的句子复杂性和错误类型 (确切重复,非语法重复,错误时态) 来比较这些贡献.
主要方法:
- 分析了106名儿童 (有和没有DLD) 讲两种英语方言的档案数据.
- 统计模型被用来评估词汇,形态,pSTM和WM在句子回忆任务中的预测能力.
- 对表现进行了检查,检查了精确的句子重复,非语法重复和不正确的时态产生.
主要成果:
- 对于简单的句子,DLD组的表现是由形态能力,PSTM和WM预测的;TD组由词汇和PSTM预测.
- 对于复杂的句子,DLD组的表现依赖于形态能力;TD组依赖pSTM和WM.
- 形态能力影响了两组的非语法重复和不正确时代,WM额外影响了DLD组.
结论:
- 句子回忆涉及多个认知资源,根据复杂度的不同需求.
- 与典型发育的同龄人相比,患有DLD的儿童使用不同的和更多的认知资源来回忆句子,特别是在较低的复杂度水平上.
- 形态能力和工作记忆是DLD儿童句子制作和重复的关键因素.
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