将自闭症生活世界带入支持性技术设计:一种积极的方法
Johannes Cornelis van Huizen1, Jelle van Dijk1, Wouter G Staal2
1Human-Centred Design, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
概括
对自闭症个体的支持技术可以通过整合完整的自闭症体验来改进. 自闭症生活世界设计 (ALD) 框架有助于设计师理解感官,习惯,社会和情感维度,以创建更具包容性的辅助技术.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 自闭症研究 自闭症研究
- 设计研究 设计研究
背景情况:
- 对于自闭症个体的支持性技术,由于设计侧重于"障碍"而不是生活经验,其吸收程度有限.
- 当前的设计往往未能捕捉到全方位的自闭症体验,阻碍了有效的技术整合.
研究的目的:
- 引入自闭症生活世界设计 (ALD) 框架,以更具包容性的方式为自闭症患者设计支持技术.
- 通过在设计过程中将自闭症生命世界置于中心,将支持性技术重新定义为维持平衡的手段.
主要方法:
- 通过跨学科的研究开发了ALD框架,包括11个自闭症年轻人的设计案例研究.
- 从活动主义,设计理论和自闭症研究中整合了理论观点.
- 定义了四个体验维度:感官,习惯,社会和情感.
主要成果:
- 该ALD框架提供了关于自闭症个体如何在四个关键维度中体验世界的具体见解.
- 积极的方法允许支持性技术被视为维持平衡的工具.
- 该框架强调了身体结构和处理在塑造自闭症体验中的作用.
结论:
- 在技术设计中,ALD框架为设计人员提供了一个新的镜头,以优先考虑自闭症生活经验,特别是身体方面.
- 采用ALD可以为自闭症社区带来更有效和更广泛的支持技术.
- 这种方法促进了对自闭症的更深入的理解,超越了赤字模型,促进了包容性设计实践.
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