在患有先天性心脏病的幼儿中,注意力发育发生改变
Alexandra F Bonthrone1, Vanessa Kyriakopoulou1, Luke Mason2
1Centre for the Developing Brain School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK.
JCPP advances
|October 16, 2024
概括
患有先天性心脏病 (CHD) 的幼儿表现出视觉注意力和执行功能的改变. 眼睛追踪提供了一种可行的方法,用于早期评估患有心脏病的婴儿中这些关键的发育区域.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 先天性心脏病 (CHD) 是最常见的先天性异常,影响超过90%的婴儿.
- 患有心血管疾病的婴儿面临注意力和执行功能障碍的高风险.
- 在幼儿中评估这些能力是具有挑战性的,因为依赖于语言技能,往往在CHD中延迟.
研究的目的:
- 与典型的发展对照组相比,对患有心脏病的幼儿的视觉注意力进行表征.
- 确定视觉注意力行为与心血管疾病的幼儿的家长评级的努力控制之间的关联.
- 探索眼睛跟踪在儿童早期评估注意力和执行功能的实用性.
主要方法:
- 利用眼睛追踪任务来评估30名患有心脏病的幼儿和66名对照儿童的视觉注意力的多个组成部分.
- 采用协差和回归的分析来比较群体,并检查凝视行为和努力控制之间的关系.
- 包括父母评估的努力控制措施,并对认知和社会经济状况进行控制.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,患有心脏病的幼儿在选择性和外源性注意力任务中表现出不太准确的设置转移和更慢的反应时间.
- 在患有心脏病的幼儿中,内生注意力不太成熟,这可以通过长时间观察面部刺激来证明.
- 在CHD中,更差的设置转移精度与较低的父级精力控制相关,但在对照中没有观察到这种关系.
结论:
- 在患有心脏病的幼儿中,确定了注意力变化和早期执行功能发展的独特特征.
- 眼睛追踪是一种临床上可行的客观方法,用于早期评估这一群体的注意力和执行功能.
- 这些发现突出了早期干预的潜力,以支持患有心脏病的婴儿的认知发展.
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