"看看谁在说话":自闭症和非自闭症青年在不同对话伙伴的语言模式
Alesia A Richardson1, Casey J Zampella2, Loisa Bennetto3
1Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Box 270266, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA. aricha26@ur.rochester.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|October 16, 2024
概括
自闭症青少年在对话中表现出与非自闭症同龄人相似的语言复杂性. 熟悉的成年人引起自闭症青少年更多的言语,这表明他们可能低估了自己的语言能力.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 呈现出多样化的语言流性,影响社会互动.
- 关于自闭症青少年语言模式 (语法,语义) 的现有研究尚未得出结论.
- 以前的研究经常使用叙事样本,不反映对话语言的复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 在对话中调查自闭症和非自闭症年轻人的语言模式.
- 检查熟悉与不熟悉的成年说话伙伴对语言产生的影响.
- 为了解决理解自闭症青年的对话语言和对话者效应的差距.
主要方法:
- 检查了20名自闭症和17名非自闭症青少年 (年龄在9-16岁) 的语言模式.
- 使用与熟悉和不熟悉的成年人进行对话任务.
- 使用SALT软件进行语言生产措施的转录录音.
主要成果:
- 自闭症青少年比非自闭症同龄人表现出更长的平均沟通单位.
- 所有的年轻人与熟悉的合作伙伴产生了更长的发言.
- 具有熟悉对话者的群体之间,语言多样性是相似的.
- 熟悉的伴侣和那些与自闭症青少年交谈的人使用了更多的诱导策略.
结论:
- 自闭症和非自闭症青年在对话语言多样性方面表现出相似之处.
- 对说话伙伴的熟悉程度会影响语言的产生和诱导策略.
- 研究结果表明,自闭症青少年的对话语言能力可能被低估了.
更多相关视频
10:11Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
Published on: December 14, 2012
18.4K
07:18Author Spotlight: Deciphering the Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Gesture in Communication
Published on: January 26, 2024
836
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
72
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
72
01:26Modeling in Therapy
55
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
55
02:16Surveys
14.7K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.7K
01:22Language Development
321
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
321
01:25Learning Disabilities
85
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
85
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
47
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
47