在美国儿童中,父母报告的严重自闭症与轻度/中度自闭症的比较
Paul S Carbone1, Carole H Stipelman1, Michele E Villalobos1
1Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
|October 16, 2024
概括
父母报告的严重自闭症与"深度"自闭症具有共同的特征,影响333名儿童中的1名. 这些孩子需要更多的支持,包括行为治疗和家庭服务.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 针对具有严重自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 特征的儿童,提出了"深度"自闭症的新定义.
- 目前尚不清楚家长对"严重"自闭症的描述是否符合这一拟议的定义.
- 这项研究调查了家长报告的严重自闭症和拟议的"深度"自闭症标准之间的重叠.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计家长报告的严重自闭症在美国的患病率.
- 确定与儿童严重自闭症相关的特征.
- 为了比较严重与轻度/中度自闭症儿童家庭的医疗保健利用率,护理人员压力和弹性.
主要方法:
- 利用了2018-2019年国家儿童健康调查 (NSCH) 的数据.
- 将父母报告的严重自闭症的学龄儿童与轻度/中度自闭症儿童进行比较.
- 运用描述性统计,千二测试和后勤回归来进行分析.
主要成果:
- 10.1%的父母 (333个孩子中的1个) 报告严重的自闭症.
- 患有严重自闭症的儿童更有可能患有智力障碍,语言迟缓和自我照顾困难.
- 尽管需求增加,但严重自闭症儿童的专家访问率或自闭症特异性治疗率并不高;他们的护理人员报告说,压力更高,弹性更低.
结论:
- 父母报告的"严重"自闭症与"深度"自闭症的特征明显重叠.
- 对于研究这个脆弱群体来说,NSCH是一个宝贵的资源.
- 患有深度/严重自闭症的儿童可能会从更多的行为治疗,专业护理和家庭支持中受益.
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