相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder

A Protocol for Measuring Cue Reactivity in a Rat Model of Cocaine Use Disorder

Published on: June 18, 2018

在可卡因使用障碍中,催产素缓和fMRI连接性和对隐性威胁处理的反应

Kyle P Blidy¹, Nicholas Bustos¹, Jennifer Spalten¹

¹Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Cannon Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

|October 16, 2024

概括

催产素 (OXT) 可能有助于调节可卡因使用障碍 (CUD) 患者对社会威胁线索的脑反应. 这项研究发现,OXT使杏仁体和前额叶皮层的连接正常化,可能有助于CUD中的情绪调节.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
精神病学是一个精神病学.
药理学药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

压力大的社会经历增加了对物质使用障碍的脆弱性,包括可卡因使用障碍 (CUD).
氧化 (OXT),以其社会和抗焦虑作用而闻名,是CUD的潜在治疗方法.
有限的研究存在于OXT对社会压力处理和神经对CUD中威胁线索的神经反应的影响.

研究的目的:

调查鼻内催产素 (OXT) 对CUD和没有CUD的个体对潜意识社会威胁线索的神经反应的影响.
为了检查OXT对大脑激活和杏仁核功能连接在面部威胁刺激的反应的影响.

主要方法:

随机,双盲,安慰剂受控研究,使用鼻内OXT (24 IU) 或安慰剂 (PBO).
参与者包括患有CUD (CUD+,N=76) 和没有CUD (CUD-,N=61) 的个人.
功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 在面部威胁提示任务期间评估了大脑激活和杏仁体中介前额叶皮层连接.

主要成果:

不管CUD状态如何,OXT在威胁线索的响应中降低了thalamus,pontine网状形成和补充运动区域的激活.
在安慰剂下,患有CUD的个体表现出负面的杏仁体-中介前额叶皮质连接到恐惧线索.
在CUD+组中,OXT的使用逆转了这种合,使其呈阳性,反映了CUD-组的反应.

结论:

催产素调节神经对社会威胁信号的反应,特别是改变CUD患者的杏仁体-前额叶皮层连接.
这些发现表明,OXT可能会影响与CUD相关的威胁监控和隐性情绪调节电路.
需要进一步的研究来确定这些OXT诱导的神经改变对CUD治疗的临床意义.

关键词:

阿米格达拉的一个桃体.愤怒愤怒愤怒愤怒大脑干的大脑干恐惧恐惧恐惧恐惧中部前额叶皮层中部前额叶皮层.泰拉姆斯 (thalamus) 是一个神经元.

更多相关视频

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

Published on: February 18, 2016

Using Optogenetics to Reverse Neuroplasticity and Inhibit Cocaine Seeking in Rats

Using Optogenetics to Reverse Neuroplasticity and Inhibit Cocaine Seeking in Rats

Published on: October 5, 2021

相关概念视频

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...

Stimulants

Stimulants

Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...