工作记忆内容的积极维护会影响注意力过的功能
Koeun Jung1, Suk Won Han2, Yoonki Min3
1Department of Psychology, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, 61186, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|October 16, 2024
概括
工作记忆中的信息的积极维护可以防止无关紧要的细节被偶然编码,即使存在突出的干扰因素. 这样可以保护注意力过器免受干扰.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 突出的物体吸引注意力,可能导致随机编码相关刺激到工作记忆中.
- 过干扰理论表明,这种过程可以干扰认知过程.
- 目前的研究研究了防止这种偶然编码和过器中断的方法.
研究的目的:
- 确定工作记忆中信息的积极维护是否可以防止无关刺激的偶然编码.
- 为了测试这个假设,由主动维护激活的自上而下的控制可以抑制过器的破坏.
- 探索工作记忆在保护注意力过器免受感知干扰方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 参与者执行了两个连续的视觉搜索任务.
- 在任务中,参与者在工作记忆中积极维护视觉项目.
- 在第一次搜索中,非目标物品与突出的分心器相关,它们的颜色被偶然编码.
主要成果:
- 当参与者保持视觉项目时,偶然将无关信息编码到工作记忆中.
- 这种偶然编码的信息在随后的搜索中导致了记忆驱动的注意力捕获.
- 当参与者在工作记忆中保持单一颜色时,偶然编码和随后的注意力捕获被防止.
结论:
- 工作内存中信息的积极维护可以作为一个自上而下的控制机制.
- 这种控制可以防止无关信息偶然透到工作记忆中,从而保护注意力过器.
- 工作记忆在缓解突出干扰因素引起的注意力过器干扰方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
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