从2011年到2019年,美国各社区的空气中毒物暴露的估计癌症风险环境不平等
Patrick Hurbain1, Matthew J Strickland2, Yan Liu2
1Division of Atmospheric Science, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, Nevada 89512, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|October 17, 2024
概括
环境不平等仍然存在,少数群体面临着空气中有毒物质导致的癌症风险更高. 虽然注意到了一些改进,但实现环境正义需要进一步调查不平等的来源.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 环境不平等是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 暴露于环境危害的差异不成比例地影响少数群体和社会经济地位较低的人口.
- 空气中有毒物质带来了巨大的癌症风险,需要检查它们在不同的人口群体中的分布.
研究的目的:
- 用美国人口普查局的数据和美国环境保护局估计的空气中毒物的癌症风险来调查美国的环境不平等.
- 分析社会经济地位因素,种族/民族人口统计和人口普查管道层面的估计癌症风险之间的关联.
- 评估随着时间的推移与空气中有毒物质暴露有关的环境不平等趋势.
主要方法:
- 将美国人口普查局的数据与美国环境保护局估计的空气中毒物的癌症风险 (2011-2019) 相匹配.
- 用斯皮尔曼相关性来检查社会经济地位因素与估计的癌症风险之间的关联.
- 利用多重线性回归分析来确定增加估计癌症风险的人口预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在社会经济地位因素和估计的癌症风险之间观察到适度的关联.
- 郊区和农村地区黑人人口比例较高与估计的癌症风险增加有关 (p < 0.05).
- 非城市地区亚裔和西班牙裔人口比例的增加与估计的癌症风险有积极的关系. 估计癌症风险最高的城市地区集中在少数群体社区.
结论:
- 与空气中有毒物质暴露相关的环境不平等,虽然在某些人口统计学方面出现了一些改善,但仍然是一个关键问题.
- 环境健康方面的公平性尚未实现.
- 进一步研究环境不平等的来源对于创造一个更公正的环境至关重要.
更多相关视频
08:48Analysis of the Ambient Particulate Matter-induced Chromosomal Aberrations Using an In Vitro System
Published on: December 21, 2016
8.7K
09:33Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
Published on: December 23, 2022
2.2K
相关概念视频
Cancer Prevention
6.1K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.1K
Types of Toxins
1.6K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
1.6K
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
312
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
312
Biological Effects of Radiation
15.3K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.3K
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
1.2K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.2K
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.6K
