在临床自然语言处理中用于半监督学习的自动数据标签中的建模分歧
Hongshu Liu1, Nabeel Seedat2, Julia Ive3
1Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|October 17, 2024
概括
高斯过程 (GPs) 为医疗保健人工智能提供优越的不确定性估计,在放射学报告分析的风险量化方面表现优于其他模型. 这提高了自主监督学习环境中的决策能力.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 在计算模型中准确估计不确定性对于医疗风险管理至关重要.
- 最先进的AI系统通常因自动 (自我监督) 数据标签而过度.
研究的目的:
- 评估医疗保健NLP预测模型中的不确定性量化.
- 在放射学报告中评估观察检测模型性能,这是一个研究不足的领域.
主要方法:
- 研究了各种最先进的预测模型.
- 专注于临床文本中的观察检测任务.
- 使用高斯过程 (GPs) 来估计不确定性.
主要成果:
- 高斯过程 (GPs) 在量化风险方面表现出卓越的表现.
- 使用负日志预测概率 (NLPP) 和平均最大预测信心水平 (MMPCL) 评估的不确定性.
- 一般医生保持了强大的预测准确度,并与强大的不确定性估计相结合.
结论:
- 在NLP任务中处理噪音标签时,概率模型是有效的.
- 这些发现支持全科医生在医疗保健中用于自动标签的实用性.
- 这项研究可以改善人工智能驱动的临床决策支持中的风险管理.
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