一个保存的体质性别决定级联指导了角甲虫的特征特异性性别二态
London C Mitchell1, Armin P Moczek1, Erica M Nadolski1
1Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, 915 East 3 Street, Bloomington IN 47405, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|October 17, 2024
概括
研究羊渣甲虫的性别决定,研究人员发现,准女性的变压器 (tra) 基因诱导了类似男性的特征. 这揭示了性别决定基因在昆虫进化中的保留和分歧作用.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 性别特异性特征的发展在物种之间有所不同,在昆虫的体性性别决定途径中存在着保存和不稳定的机制.
- 了解这些机制需要研究多种类型,特别是那些具有明显的性二重形态的类型.
- 驼便甲虫 (Digitonthophagus gazella) 是研究性二态进化的新兴模型.
研究的目的:
- 功能性地研究Digitonthophagus gazella体内性别决定途径.
- 了解性别决定基因在塑造性二重形态中的进化可变性.
主要方法:
- 用RNA干扰 (RNAi) 来准性别决定途径中的关键基因,包括变形体 (tra),异性体,变形体2,性致死体和雌性体.
- 对接受RNAi治疗的甲虫 (男性和女性) 进行了表型分析.
- 在RNAi治疗后分析了双性基因异型的分割.
主要成果:
- 在染色体雌性中向RNAi转换器 (tra) 的RNAi诱导了类似男性的形态特征和男性特有的双性异型.
- 向跨性别的RNAi,在女性中向双性别的RNAi表型,但不是男性.
- 向转换器2的RNAi导致了幼虫死亡,而性致死和雌性类RNAi没有产生可观察到的表型,这表明潜在的基因功能分歧.
结论:
- 这些发现与Drosophila melanogaster的已建立的性别确定级联模型保持一致,特别是关于三性和双性功能.
- 对性致死性和雌性类RNAi缺乏作用表明,它们的作用可能来自虫,而不是其他整体代谢昆虫的代表.
- 在体性性别确定途径中的差异性进化可变性有助于大自然中的性特征的多样化.
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