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化疗期间的听力损失:患病率,机制和保护
Lexie Kessler1, Chail Koo1, Claus-Peter Richter1,2,3,4
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
American journal of cancer research
|October 17, 2024
概括
化疗引起的耳毒性影响超过50%的癌症患者,导致听力损失和其他症状. 目前正在进行研究,以了解机制,并制定针对这种常见副作用的保护策略.
科学领域:
- 耳瘤学 耳瘤学
- 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法
- 耳部毒理学 耳部毒理学
背景情况:
- 耳毒性是化疗的重要副作用,每年影响超过50%的癌症患者和全球数百万人.
- 尽管进行了广泛的研究,但化疗诱导的耳毒性机制和管理仍然不清楚,FDA批准的治疗方法有限.
- 化疗引起的耳毒性呈现为听力损失,耳,和头,主要影响听觉系统.
研究的目的:
- 为临床医生和研究人员提供关于化疗诱导的耳毒性现有证据的全面审查.
- 阐明由化疗剂引起的耳毒性的流行,机制和潜在的预防措施.
- 批判性地分析现有的文献,专注于基药物,如.
主要方法:
- 对化学疗法诱导的耳毒性现有文献进行系统审查.
- 分析来自各种数据库的数据,记录化疗剂及其副作用.
- 专注于了解耳毒性的分子机制,特别是以为基础的药物.
主要成果:
- 听力损失是化疗引起的耳毒性的主要症状.
- 据报道,在700多种化疗药物中,只有7种药物导致听力损失,基药物如思是最受研究的.
- 西斯普拉丁的耳毒性与外皮毛细胞损失有关,可能是由于直接的细胞损伤或对血管的次要影响,尽管确切的机制仍在争论中.
- 治疗选择有限,硫酸是FDA批准的唯一药物,但其使用受到限制.
结论:
- 化疗引起的耳毒性是普遍存在的严重问题,需要进一步调查.
- 了解各种药物,特别是西斯的耳毒性特异性分子途径,对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 对抗化疗引起的耳毒性听力保护的新策略正在出现,并显示出未来临床应用的希望.
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