通过自消化的衰老
Frank A DeLano1, Geert W Schmid-Schönbein1
1Shu Chien-Gene Ley Department of Bioengineering, Center for Autodigestion Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
PloS one
|October 17, 2024
概括
衰老的组织分解可能源于从肠道泄漏的消化酶. 在老老鼠中阻断胰腺素减少了酶积累,原损伤和高血糖症.
科学领域:
- 生物遗传学 生物遗传学
- 消化系统生理学 消化系统生理学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 驱动与年龄相关的细胞功能障碍,炎症和组织降解的机制在很大程度上是未知的.
- 在胰腺中合成的消化酶通常被粘膜/上皮屏障限制在小肠的光层中.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一种新的假设,即与衰老相关的组织分解是由来自胃肠道泄漏的消化酶的自消化引起的.
- 检查胰腺酶在与年龄相关的组织损伤和代谢功能障碍中的作用.
主要方法:
- 免疫组织化学被用来检测胰腺酶 (素,弹性酶,脂酶,粉酶) 在年轻和老老鼠的外周器官.
- 对小肠粘素层密度和从小肠泄漏的酶泄漏的分析.
- 在老化组织中评估原蛋白损伤和胰岛素受体裂变.
- 治疗老老鼠用胺酸,一种血清蛋白酶抑制剂,以阻止胰腺素.
主要成果:
- 与年轻大鼠相比,在老老鼠的外周器官中观察到胰腺酶的大量积累.
- 老老鼠表现出减弱的粘素层密度和素从肠道小泄漏.
- 在老老鼠中,原蛋白损伤和胰岛素受体细胞外域的蛋白质分解裂变是普遍存在的.
- 在老老的老鼠中,素酸治疗减少了酶积累,原损伤,高血糖和胰岛素受体裂变.
结论:
- 衰老过程中的组织分解可能是由于过早激活的消化酶的自消化造成的.
- 肠道屏障的完整性对于防止系统性酶泄漏和与年龄有关的损伤至关重要.
- 向胰腺酶活性,例如用血清蛋白酶抑制剂,显示了减轻与衰老相关的病态的潜力.
更多相关视频
11:31Continuously-stirred Anaerobic Digester to Convert Organic Wastes into Biogas: System Setup and Basic Operation
Published on: July 13, 2012
33.7K
10:39A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Published on: September 17, 2020
6.2K
相关概念视频
01:27Autophagy
4.2K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
4.2K
01:18Autophagic Cell Death
3.4K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.4K
01:36Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome
6.2K
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
6.2K
01:37Mitochondria
11.3K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
11.3K
01:30Overview of Cell Death
7.1K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.1K
01:22Lifecycle of Erythrocytes
1.9K
Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups....
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups....
1.9K