自闭症谱系障碍的多类分类,注意力缺陷多动症障碍,以及使用fMRI功能连接分析的典型发达个体
Caroline L Alves1, Tiago Martinelli2, Loriz Francisco Sallum2
1Laboratory for Hybrid Modeling, Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences, Aschaffenburg, Bayern, Germany.
PloS one
|October 17, 2024
概括
机器学习使用fMRI扫描准确区分自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD). 这种方法可以识别每个疾病的不同神经模式,有助于改进诊断.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 是神经发育状况,症状重叠.
- 由于症状重叠,准确的诊断和有针对性的干预具有挑战性.
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 提供了对大脑功能的洞察.
研究的目的:
- 将机器学习 (ML) 应用于fMRI数据,以区分ASD,ADHD和典型发达 (TD) 个体.
- 为了识别与ASD和ADHD相关的独特的神经特征.
- 评估ML增强诊断的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在120名受试者 (ASD,ADHD,TD) 的fMRI数据上使用了多类分类 (ML) 算法.
- 分析了大脑连接模式和复杂网络特性 (整合和分离).
- 使用ROC曲线下的面积验证了分类准确性.
主要成果:
- 在区分ASD,ADHD和TD群体方面取得了高准确性 (近98%AUC).
- 确定了特定的神经特征:ADHD的注意力/冲动控制连接性发生变化,ASD的社会/认知功能障碍.
- 在三个组中观察到大脑网络集成和分离的显著差异.
结论:
- 对fMRI数据的ML分析可以准确地区分ASD,ADHD和TD个体.
- 独特的神经连接模式支持已建立的临床症状学.
- 这些发现支持对神经发育障碍进行ML增强的临床决策支持系统的开发.
更多相关视频
11:14A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
Published on: October 4, 2015
10.9K
05:32Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
Published on: December 7, 2018
8.9K
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
72
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
72
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
47
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
47