克服街灯效应:照亮早期儿童学习和发展的基础
Dana Charles McCoy1, Terri J Sabol2
1Graduate School of Education, Harvard University.
The American psychologist
|October 17, 2024
概括
幼儿计划应该测量一系列更广泛的技能,包括好奇心和创造力,超出传统的指标. 优先考虑这些"学习和发展基础" (FOLD) 技能可以提高干预效率.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 发展理论强调了终身发展的基本技能.
- 当前的幼儿计划评估往往忽视了全面的技能.
研究的目的:
- 解决早期儿童干预研究中的"路灯效应".
- 为学龄前儿童 (3-5岁) 提出和审查"学习和发展基础" (FOLD) 技能.
- 评估FOLD技能及其作为实际,有效和包容性干预目标的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查现有关于特定FOLD技能的研究:好奇心,创造力,自我调节,执行功能,批判性思维,视角采用和自我内部表现.
- 分析每个技能的可塑性,可测量性,预测有效性和普遍性.
主要成果:
- 折叠技能包括既定和新兴的发展结构.
- 研究支持FOLD技能作为幼儿干预的有价值目标的潜力.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善FOLD技能的测量和干预策略.
结论:
- 扩大干预目标以包括FOLD技能可以增强幼儿计划.
- 未来的方向包括开发包容性分类学,可扩展的测量工具和针对FOLD技能优化干预策略.
- 优先考虑更广泛的发展能力对于公平有效的幼儿发展至关重要.
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