思考思考:一项纵向调查,将元认知,抑制控制和思想理论的发展联系起来
Mariel Symeonidou1, Martin J Doherty2, Josephine Ross1
1Psychology, School of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Law, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK.
Journal of experimental child psychology
|October 17, 2024
概括
超认知和抑制控制在儿童的思维理论之前发展. 这些认知技能预测了后来的心理能力理论,表明了发展途径.
科学领域:
- 认知发展 认知发展
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 了解关键认知技能的发展轨迹对于幼儿教育至关重要.
- 超认知,思维理论和抑制控制是影响学习和社会认知的基本执行功能.
- 这些构造之间的精确的发展联系和预测关系仍然是研究的活跃领域.
研究的目的:
- 研究元认知,思维理论和抑制性控制之间的纵向发育关系.
- 确定超认知和抑制控制的时间出现和预测能力,以及对心理发展理论的抑制控制.
- 探索这些认知能力之间潜在的发育调解途径.
主要方法:
- 采用了纵向研究设计,在1.5年的时间里跟踪了52名儿童.
- 参与者从3岁或4岁开始进行评估.
- 使用了对元认知,思维理论和抑制控制的标准化测量方法.
主要成果:
- 研究人员发现,与思维理论相比,元认知和抑制控制在发育过程中出现得更早.
- 超认知和抑制控制都在显著地预测了随后的心理能力理论.
- 证据支持一种发育调解模型:元认知预测了抑制控制,反过来又预测了思想理论.
结论:
- 超认知自我反思可能为更高层次的思维提供必要的"发展丰富".
- 足够发达的抑制控制有助于将元认知见解应用于复杂的推理,包括理解自己和他人的思想.
- 这些发现突出了一个连续的发育路径,其中超认知和抑制控制为思想发展理论奠定了基础.
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