痴呆症的病理生理学和生物标志物
Camryn J Smith1, Dasia Hodge2, Fiona E Harrison1,3,4
1Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
Seminars in neurology
|October 17, 2024
概括
Delirium 是一个常见的医院疾病,涉及认知和注意力缺陷. 了解其大脑机制,包括成像和炎症标志物,是开发新疗法的关键.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临界护理医学 临界护理医学
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 狂妄症是一种普遍且严重的疾病,影响着住院患者,特别是那些重症患者.
- 它的特点是激发,注意力缺陷和认知处理中断的急剧波动.
- 了解妄想的潜在机制对于开发有效治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对妄想病理生理学的理解.
- 突出神经成像和生物标志物在研究妄想中的作用.
- 讨论动物模型在推进妄想研究中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查神经成像研究 (MRI,PET,fMRI,NIRS) 检查在妄想中的大脑结构和功能.
- 在妄患者中分析脑电图 (EEG) 发现.
- 检查与妄想相关的血清炎症生物标志物 (IL-6,CRP,S100B).
- 讨论新兴的动物模型用于妄想研究.
主要成果:
- 神经成像揭示了全球性缩,白质变化,以及改变脑血流,新陈代谢和神经错觉中的连接性.
- 脑电图显示普遍减速,振荡变化减少,功能连接受损.
- 升高的炎症标志物表明系统性炎症和细胞代谢失调的作用.
- 动物模型提供了一个平台来调查妄想病理生理学.
结论:
- 痴呆症的发病包括复杂的神经生物学变化,包括结构性和功能性大脑变化.
- 炎症和代谢障碍是相关的,特别是在外科手术前和败血症相关的妄.
- 整合临床和基础科学方法,包括动物模型,对于阐明机制和确定治疗点至关重要.
更多相关视频
07:08A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
Published on: October 20, 2016
7.8K
08:29Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
Published on: December 18, 2016
14.0K
相关概念视频
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
449
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
449
01:27Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
489
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
489
01:19Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
61
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
61
01:30Dementia
97
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
97
01:15Parkinson's Disease: Overview
487
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
487
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
46
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
46