在自然界中发现一种草甘氧化酶
Minghui Ma1, Afshan Ardalan1, Adrian Van Dyk2
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo N2L 3C5, Canada.
FEMS microbiology letters
|October 17, 2024
概括
研究人员发现了自然界中第一个草甘氧化酶 (GOX) 酶,能够降解广泛使用的除草剂. 来自暴露于草甘的土壤的这一发现突出了除草剂生物降解的新途径.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 草甘是世界上使用最多的除草剂.
- 目前已知的草甘生物降解途径是偶然的.
- 甘氨酸氧化酶 (GO) 酶启动草甘降解,但缺乏特异性.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定具有优先草甘降解活性的天然存在的草甘氧化酶 (GOXs).
- 为了研究GOX酶对草甘暴露的反应的演变.
- 为了证明功能元基因组学在发现新型酶中的实用性.
主要方法:
- 从暴露于草甘的农业土壤中选一个metagenomic库.
- 功能查以确定具有氧化酶活性的酶.
- 单独的酶对基质偏好和催化效率的生物化学表征.
主要成果:
- 发现了第一个天然存在的草甘氧化酶 (GOX),标记为GO19,来自克隆11AW19.
- GO19对草甘的偏好超过了草甘的四个数量级.
- 与工程酶相比,GO19的催化效率和特异性更高.
结论:
- 草甘特异性氧化酶 (GOXs) 在长时间暴露于草甘的环境中进化.
- 功能性转基因组学是发现具有所需催化性质的新型酶的强大工具.
- 已确定的GOX为开发草甘生物降解的新策略提供了有希望的途径.
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