全球货运运输排放责任
Jacob Fry1, Keiichiro Kanemoto2, Alastair Fraser3
1Materials Cycles Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
Environmental science & technology
|October 18, 2024
概括
全球货运运输排放量很大,占运输总排放量的41%. 准确计算这些排放对于有效的气候变化减缓战略和实现脱碳目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
- 运输研究 运输研究
背景情况:
- 货物运输对全球贸易至关重要,但对温室气体排放有重大贡献.
- 由于数据限制和分配挑战,货运运输的当前排放核算往往不完整.
- 了解货运排放的全部影响对于准确的环境评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个全面的方法来估计全球货运排放.
- 量化货运对国家和全球碳足迹的贡献.
- 为实现货运部门和相关行业脱碳战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 根据运输方式的国际货物流动的自下而上的估计,使用计算的全球路线.
- 来自货物运输的排放量计算.
- 与全球多区域输出输出模型的集成,以进行完整的碳足迹分析.
主要成果:
- 全球货运运输排放量在2012年估计为2.8亿二氧化碳等价物,占运输总排放量的41%.
- 货运足迹通常占全国排放足迹的9%左右.
- 无论是实物商品贸易还是服务,都对体现货运排放做出了重大贡献.
结论:
- 准确和完整的货物运输排放的核算,包括燃料库燃料,对于有效的气候政策至关重要.
- 基于消费的货运排放量分配支持跨部门的补充性去碳化努力.
- 材料效率和需求减少策略可以帮助实现运输脱碳.
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