身体活动的不同维度与学龄前儿童的多动症症状之间的关系
Erin K Shoulberg1, Hannah Scott1, Caroline P Martin2
1Department of Psychological Science, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Journal of attention disorders
|October 18, 2024
概括
在学龄前儿童中,体力活动 (PA) 变化更大可能会减少冲动症状. 然而,持续高的PA水平与ADHD症状和障碍的增加有关,这表明自我调节有困难.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
- 儿科卫生健康 儿科卫生健康
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一个在学龄前儿童中普遍存在的神经发育障碍.
- 了解身体活动 (PA) 在ADHD症状中的作用对于早期干预至关重要.
- 个人内PA变异性 (PA-var) 是一个与整体PA体积一起考虑的新因素.
研究的目的:
- 研究PA体积和PA-var对学龄前儿童ADHD症状的独立和互动效应.
- 为了确定日常身体活动的波动如何影响过度活跃,冲动和注意力不集中.
- 探索PA模式和在学前环境中的功能障碍之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在141名学龄前儿童中,基于加速计的PA体积和PA-var的2周评估.
- 教师报告的ADHD症状使用ADHD评分表-IV学龄前版本.
- 回归分析检查PA指标和ADHD症状严重程度之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 较高的PA-var与较低水平的冲动症状有关.
- 增加的PA体积与更高的过敏和注意力缺失症状相关,特别是当PA-var低时.
- 一个显著的相互作用表明,PA体积和损伤之间的积极关联与较低的PA-var.较强.
结论:
- 在学龄前儿童的PA体积的实质性波动可能会保护他们免受冲动行为.
- 在学龄前儿童中,持续高的PA水平可能标志着调节活动以满足环境需求的挑战,增加了ADHD症状风险.
- 这些发现强调了考虑PA的数量和一致性的重要性,以了解和管理早期儿童的ADHD症状.
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