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Measurement: Standard Units03:38

Measurement: Standard Units

Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement (a unit), and an indication of the uncertainty of the measurement. While the number and unit are explicitly represented when a quantity is written, the uncertainty is an aspect of the errors in the measurement results.
Midrange01:07

Midrange

A somewhat easy to compute quantitative estimate of a data set’s central tendency is its midrange, which is defined as the mean of the minimum and maximum values of an ordered data set.
Simply put, the midrange is half of the data set’s range. Similar to the mean, the midrange is sensitive to the extreme values and hence the prospective outliers. However, unlike the mean, the midrange is not sensitive to all the values of the data set that lie in the middle. Thus, it is prone to outliers and...
Distance Measurements by Taping01:18

Distance Measurements by Taping

Tapes are essential in surveying for accurate, durable, and short-distance measurements. Made from lightweight, nylon-coated steel, they offer flexibility and strength for rugged outdoor use. The nylon coating protects against rust and wear, extending the tape's life. Standard lengths, around 30 meters, are marked in meters and millimeters for precision.Surveyors select tapes based on site conditions and accuracy needs. Lightweight, nylon-coated tapes are commonly used for ease of handling and...
Distance Corrections01:15

Distance Corrections

To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short distances...

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Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
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多中心规范数据用于中等距离微波测量.

Maximilian Pfau1,2,3,4, Jasleen K Jolly5,6,7, Jason Charng8,9,10

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

创建了一个大数据集用于斑点完整性评估 (MAIA) 微环. 一个简单的线性模型有效地解释了视觉灵敏度的正常变化,使其对定制测试非常有用.

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科学领域:

  • 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
  • 视觉神经科学是一种神经科学.
  • 生物统计学 生物统计学

背景情况:

  • 微波测量对于评估视觉功能至关重要.
  • 建立规范性数据对于准确解释微波测量结果至关重要.
  • 预测视觉敏感性的现有模型可能需要改进.

研究的目的:

  • 建立一个大型的,多中心的规范数据集,用于斑点完整性评估 (MAIA) 微环.
  • 为了比较各种视角模型的适合性和预测准确性.
  • 确定预测规范视觉敏感性的最有效模型.

主要方法:

  • 包括来自多个研究组的531只健康眼睛的1137次测试的微观测量数据.
  • 采用线性混合模型 (LMM) 来开发可解释的视角模型.
  • 使用交叉验证与站点分区来比较回归模型,评估平均绝对误差 (MAE) 和误校区.

主要成果:

  • 贝叶斯混合模型显示了最低的MAE (2.13dB) 和误校区 (0.13).
  • 一个节的线性模型表现出可比性能,MAE为2.17dB,误校区为0.14.
  • 这两种模型都有效地预测了基于年龄和异常度的规范视觉敏感性.

结论:

  • 视觉敏感度的正常变化可以通过结合年龄和离心率的线性模型得到很好的解释.
  • 开发的数据集和代码标签有助于估计定制微环测试模式的规范值.
  • 这些发现支持使用简化的模型来理解视觉敏感性在视网膜的不同位置.