粉样蛋白导向抗体:过去,现在和未来
Keith Noorda1, Kevin Noorda1, Marwan N Sabbagh2
1School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|October 18, 2024
概括
针对粉样β斑块的被动免疫疗法在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 治疗方面表现有前途. 像lecanemab和donanemab这样的新兴疗法可能为早期阿兹海默症患者提供疾病修饰的好处.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是65岁以上个体中普遍存在的一种神经退行性疾病,其特点是认知能力下降.
- 确定的阿尔茨海默病诊断依赖于对粉样β (Aβ) 斑块和团的死后检测.
- 虽然阿尔茨海默病的确切原因尚不清楚,但免疫疗法正在积极研究治疗,有望减少阿尔茨海默病理和症状.
研究的目的:
- 对阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的被动免疫疗法进行审查和评估,这些疗法显示出开发和临床使用的潜力.
- 根据监管地位和新兴研究,确定AD治疗的有希望的免疫疗法候选者.
主要方法:
- 使用叙事审查方法来选择免疫疗法.
- 选择药物是基于潜在的临床有效性和监管地位 (FDA批准,快速跟踪,悬而未决或新兴).
主要成果:
- 该审查确定了两种FDA完全批准的抗粉样β (Aβ) 单克隆抗体 (mAbs).
- 一个mAb获得了FDA快速跟踪地位,另外两种疗法暂停,三种已停止,以及三种有前途的新兴疗法被确定.
结论:
- 预计被动免疫疗法将成为AD与大脑Aβ沉积的首选,基于证据的治疗方法,有助于症状管理并可能减缓进展.
- 莱卡尼马布和多纳尼马布需要进一步的研究,以优化患者选择和安全性.
- 这些疗法代表了对阿米洛伊德病理的早期阿兹海默症患者进行疾病修饰治疗的重要一步.
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