无尾和有丝状的菌在海洋菌中占主导地位
Kerrin Steensen1,2, Joana Séneca3,4, Nina Bartlau1
1Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
The ISME journal
|October 18, 2024
概括
海洋活菌拥有许多被忽视的温带菌体,特别是小,无尾和丝状的类型. 这些菌体积极转移,影响宿主进化和生态,挑战尾状菌体的主导地位.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
背景情况:
- 类Caudoviricetes的尾巴细菌 (菌体) 被认为是最丰富和生态意义上的菌体.
- 然而,其他类型的菌体,包括线状菌体和无尾菌体,越来越多地被认为在微生物群落中广泛存在.
研究的目的:
- 调查Vibrio属海洋细菌中菌的流行率和特征.
- 确定非尾状菌在维菌物种生态和进化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 58个Vibrio cyclitrophicus分离物的比较基因组学.
- 导体复制的化学诱导.
- 在Vibrionaceae家族菌株中计算预测prophages.
主要成果:
- 来自线状和无尾状菌体 (<16 kb基因组) 的菌体构成了Vibrio中的大部分菌体,占V. cyclitrophicus的80%和Vibrionaceae的60%.
- 诱导的prophages积极复制,表明可转移到新的宿主.
- 食物原体迅速获得和丢失,有线状和无尾的类型集成到特定的基因组位置,并携带多种不同的辅助基因.
结论:
- 小的,没有尾巴的,有丝状温带菌体是海洋菌体中丰富且具有生态意义的驱动因素,类似于尾巴菌体.
- 这些被忽视的prophages通过辅助基因 (如菌体防御系统) 促进宿主健康.
- 菌体的获取和丧失的动态性质突显了它们在菌体进化和海洋微生物生态系统中的积极作用.
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