通过直角原型学习和错误拒绝校正的开放式长尾识别.
Binquan Deng1, Aouaidjia Kamel1, Chongsheng Zhang1
1School of Computer and information Engineering, Henan University, 475004, Kaifeng, China.
概括
本研究介绍了OLPR,这是一个开放式长尾识别的新框架. 通过学习直角原型和纠正错误拒绝,OLPR提高了分类准确性,超过了现有的方法.
科学领域:
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 从具有长尾和开放式分布的数据中学习在机器学习中提出了重大挑战.
- 在这样的场景中,准确的分类对于现实世界的应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个新的双流框架,OLPR (基于直角原型学习和错误拒绝校正的开放式长尾识别),以应对长尾和开放式数据分布的挑战.
- 为了提高封闭集的分类准确性和开放集的识别性能.
主要方法:
- OLPR采用双流架构,用于概率生成的概率预测学习 (PPL) 分支和用于学习直角类原型的距离度量学习 (DML) 分支.
- DML分支使用直角原型损失,平衡的Softmin距离交叉损失和对抗性损失来实现紧的开放集表示.
- 引入了一种代聚类模块 (ICM) 来分类开放式样本,并通过重新分类错误识别的已知样本来纠正错误拒绝.
主要成果:
- 在ImageNet-LT,Places-LT,CIFAR-10/100-LT以及定制长尾开放式数据集上的实验证明了OLPR的有效性.
- 与最先进的方法相比,OLPR在封闭式设置中实现了高达2.2%的整体分类精度改善.
- 在开放式设置中,OLPR显示F-measure增加了4%.
结论:
- 拟议的OLPR框架有效地处理图像分类中的长尾和开放式数据分布.
- OLPR的双流方法与直角原型学习和错误拒绝校正在封闭式和开放式识别任务中提供了显著的性能提升.
相关概念视频
Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test
5.6K
When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
5.6K
Quantifying and Rejecting Outliers: The Grubbs Test
1.5K
Sometimes, a data set can have a recorded numerical observation that greatly deviates from the rest of the data. Assuming that the data is normally distributed, a statistical method called the Grubbs test can be used to determine whether the observation is truly an outlier. To perform a two-tailed Grubbs test, first, calculate the absolute difference between the outlier and the mean. Then, calculate the ratio between this difference and the standard deviation of the sample. This...
1.5K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.5K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.5K
Associative Learning
300
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
Classical conditioning, also known...
300
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction
451
Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
451
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility
3.0K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
3.0K


